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Authors
Zhang, Weijie
Zhao, Huan
Tian, Zhuchang
Fu, Wei
Li, Zongyang
Geng, Zhouxu
He, Yuhan
He, Honghou
Wu, Peihong
Zhu, Shengsong
Yang, Min
Chen, Jing
Lin, Min
Zhang, Zhiyuan
Wang, Mengshen
Zhu, Zijia
Cui, Yanli
Piao, Fushi
Zheng, Mingqi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Guangdong Medical Association Clinical Research Fund (2024QC-B1018)
Hebei Province Higher Education Science and Technology Research Project (CXZX2025030)
Hebei Provincial Government Funded Clinical Talent Project (ZF2025062)
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Article History
Received: 14 January 2026
Accepted: 26 March 2026
First Online: 16 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Committees of the participating institutions (The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, and Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases). The requirement for written informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized clinical data, in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
