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Authors
Okubo, Tomohito
Wakana, Kazuhito
Mikami, Kei
Otsuka, Shun
Horie, Ryuta
Hatayama, Naoyuki
Masamune, Ken
Mihara, Makoto
Hara, Hisako
Furukawa, Hiroshi
Miyamoto, Atsushi
Naito, Munekazu
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Article History
Received: 14 November 2025
Accepted: 26 March 2026
First Online: 28 April 2026
Declarations
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: K.W. and other authors affiliated with Qoly corporation. have submitted a patent application (US17/753,537) related to the structure of a small multi-axis forceps and a patent application (PCT/JP2024/011287) for an automatic instrument-exchange mechanism. These authors declare competing interests. All other authors declare no competing interests.
