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Authors
Liu, Mulin
Lyu, Bei
Suwandej, Niyom
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Guangxi Industrial High-Quality Development Research Centre Open Fund Project in China (No. 23GXGY32)
Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education in China (No. 25YJCZH163)
Social Science Fund of Fujian Province in China (No.FJ2024C087)
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Article History
Received: 22 November 2025
Accepted: 28 March 2026
First Online: 2 April 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study adopted a questionnaire-based approach for quantitative empirical investigation, with no involvement of human experiments or collection of human tissue samples. The research strictly adhered to ethical guidelines and complied with the Declaration of Helsinki (2000). All respondents were fully informed of the research purpose, data usage methods, and confidentiality agreement, and voluntarily completed the questionnaire with informed consent. Prior to the commencement of data collection, ethical approval had been obtained from the Institutional Review Board (IRB).
