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Authors
Chemaitelly, Hiam
Akhtar, Naveed
Al Jerdi, Salman
Kamran, Saadat
Joseph, Sujatha
Morgan, Deborah
Uy, Ryan
Ben Abid, Fatma
Al-Khal, Abdullatif
Abou-Samra, Abdul-Badi
Butt, Adeel A.
Abu-Raddad, Laith J.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Qatar Research Development and Innovation Council (ARG02-0402-240119)
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Article History
Received: 6 January 2026
Accepted: 30 March 2026
First Online: 20 April 2026
Declarations
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: Dr. Butt has received institutional grant funding from Gilead Sciences unrelated to the work presented in this paper. Otherwise, we declare no competing interests.
: The institutional review boards at Hamad Medical Corporation and Weill Cornell Medicine–Qatar approved this retrospective study with a waiver of informed consent. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and reported following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines.
