Document is current

Article History

Received: 4 February 2026

Accepted: 31 March 2026

First Online: 6 April 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This retrospective study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was approved by the institutional review boards of all participating centers: the Ethics Committee of Xuzhou Central Hospital, Southeast University; the Ethics Committee of The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou First People’s Hospital; the Ethics Committee of The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University; the Ethics Committee of Jinan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital; and the Ethics Committee of The People’s Hospital of Sishui. The requirement for informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study.