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Authors
Guan, Yingchao
Wu, Tong
Gao, Yanan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Public Hospital Reform and High-Quality Development Demonstration Project (11010822T000001740154)
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Article History
Received: 6 March 2026
Accepted: 6 April 2026
First Online: 10 April 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Ethical approval This is a secondary analysis of a publicly available, fully de-identified dataset (Dryad ). The original study received appropriate ethical oversight. No additional ethical approval or participant contact was required.
: Not applicable (secondary analysis of de-identified routine-care data).
