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Article History

Received: 27 January 2026

Accepted: 8 April 2026

First Online: 14 August 2026

Declarations

Competing interests: Funding for this work was provided by Office of Naval Research award N00014-21-1-2216 [HCB], Office of Naval Research award N00014-23-1-2396 (HCB) and Jim Goetz donation to the University of Cincinnati, College of Engineering and Applied Science (HCB). HCB has received research support from the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Strawn has received research support from the National Institutes of Health and PCORI and has also received material support from Myriad Genetics. Additionally, he receives royalties from Springer Publishing and Cambridge University Press, honoraria from the Neuroscience Education Institute, and serves as an author for UpToDate. Dr. Strawn has consulted for MindMed, AbbVie, Alkermes, Collegium, Otsuka, Supernus, Sensorium and Vistagen, and Genomind. He is on the speaker’s bureau for Abbvie, Collegium and Myriad Genetics. The following patents have been submitted by some of the listed authors: “Integrating cognitive science with machine learning for high accuracy prediction of mood disorders”, submitted 10/16/2024; and “Integrating cognitive science with machine learning for high accuracy prediction of anxiety disorders” submitted 5/19/2025. Authors NLV, SB, HCB will be submitting a patent on the material in this paper.