Document is current

Article History

Received: 23 July 2025

Accepted: 10 April 2026

First Online: 14 April 2026

Declarations

:

: EYA, JD, TCR: None, YO: Consulting fees from Istari Oncology, PharPoint Research; Participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board in Actuate, GammaTile, Novocure; other financial or non-financial interests in Blue Earth Diagnostics, BMS, Cantex Pharmaceuticals, Chimerix, CNS Pharmaceuticals, Exelixis, Karyopharm, MimiVax LLC, VBI Vaccines. RHP, DJW, YCL, RT: None, ANG: Honoraria from ViewRay, Inc., Elekta AB, IBA; Ownership interest of Atlantic Health Solutions (uPlan), LLC., MWM: Stock shareholder in Light Helmets, Deinde Medical; honoraria from Insightec; consulting fees from Stryker, Diende, Light Helmets, Insight tech, Zap surgical., MDH: Grant support from Florida Department of Health, Grant 22L01. Proton Therapy Cooperative Group of North America (PTCOG-NA) Treasurer (unpaid); Proton Therapy Cooperative Group (PTCOG) Pediatric Subcommittee Co-Chair (unpaid); Proton Collaborative Group (PCG) Executive Council Representative for Miami Cancer Institute (unpaid). , MPM: Consulting Fees from Telix, Zap, Xoft, Kazia Therapeutics, Novocure; Mevion Technological Advisory Board; NRG Brain Tumor Committee Chair; Leadership (unpaid) Board of Directors, Xcision; Stock in Chimerix., RK: Honoraria from Elekta AB, Accuray Inc., Novocure Inc., ViewRay Inc., Elsevier Inc., Brainlab, Peerview Institute for Medical Education, GT Medical Technologies, and Ion Beam Applications; consulting fees from Kazia Therapeutics, Elekta AB, ViewRay Inc., Castle Biosciences, Novocure Inc.; institutional research funding from Medtronic Inc., Blue Earth Diagnostics Ltd., Novocure Inc., GT Medical Technologies, AstraZeneca, Exelixis, ViewRay Inc., Brainlab, Cantex Pharmaceuticals, Kazia Therapeutics and Ion Beam Applications; support for travel or meeting attendance by Elekta AB, Accuray Inc., Novocure Inc., Peerview Institute for Medical Education, Brainlab, ViewRay Inc.; and participation on an advisory board for Viewray Medical Advisory Board, GT Medical Technologies Data Safety Monitoring Board, Insightec Ltd, Plus Therapeutics, Inc.

: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida (protocol code 2020-KOT-004; March 9, 2021). All participants provided written informed consent prior to enrollment.