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Authors
Hagras, Soheir A. A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5461-5719
El-Sayyad, Gharieb S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5410-7936
Mohamed, Marwa Yousry A.
Ozbak, Hani A.
Wahby, Mahitab M.
Eltigani, Sara Ahmed
Dorra, Neamat Hanem M. I.
Elshahidy, Samar
Abdel-Maksoud, Mostafa A.
Alrokayan, Salman
Rudayni, Hassan A.
Majrabi, Yasser Q.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deanship of Scientific Research at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU-DDRSP2601)
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Article History
Received: 27 February 2026
Accepted: 13 April 2026
First Online: 24 April 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted at the Microbiology lab in Jazan General Hospital, Saudi Arabia. The research protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee at Jazan Hospital (No. 23109).
: The study was granted expedited review status as it involved no more than minimal risk to participants, in accordance with 45 CFR 46.110. Patients’ privacy and confidentiality were strictly maintained in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the ethical standards and regulations of the National Committee of Bioethics (NCBE), Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. All patient data were anonymized prior to analysis, and no identifiable personal information was collected or used.
: Not applicable.
