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Authors
Won, Ki-Bum
Choi, Su-Yeon
Chun, Eun Ju
Park, Sung Hak
Sung, Jidong
Jung, Hae Ok
Chang, Hyuk-Jae
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Institute of Information & Communications Technology Planning & Evaluation (IITP), South Korea (2022000972)
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Article History
Received: 5 November 2025
Accepted: 13 April 2026
First Online: 21 April 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Severance Cardiovascular Hospital (IRB no: 4-2014-0309). Informed consent for procedures was obtained from all participants.
