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Article History

Received: 30 December 2025

Accepted: 17 April 2026

First Online: 19 April 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Health Research Ethics Review Committee (IHRERC) of the College of Health Sciences at Debre Markos University, with additional permission secured from the Debre Markos Town Municipality. In accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki 36 for research involving human participants, all subjects were informed of the study’s purpose, their right to voluntary participation, and the option to withdraw at any time without consequence. To accommodate varying literacy levels while maintaining ethical rigor, written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. To ensure anonymity and confidentiality, no personal identifiers were recorded, and all interviews and observational assessments were conducted in private areas within the butcher shop premises to protect participant privacy.