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Authors
Lin, Zheng
Wang, Hongfei
Shi, Yueyi
Cao, Yi
Zhang, Zuyong
Lin, Ping
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the Hangzhou Municipal biomedical Project (2021WJCY054)
National and provincial co-construction project (GZY-ZJ-KJ-23088)
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Article History
Received: 3 July 2025
Accepted: 22 April 2026
First Online: 11 August 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethics approval and informed consent: This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA 2020). Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) registration number: CRD420251011300. The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University subject recruitment protocol was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (2024-KL-304-01). The Ethics Committee waived the requirement of patient informed consent given that this part was only a retrospective analysis of the existing database. The Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital subject recruitment protocol, on the other hand, was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital (2025-KC-001), and registration of the study was completed in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (NCT06261801). All study participants from Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital signed an informed consent form before enrollment.
