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Authors
Al Smadi, Mohammad A.
Shah, Aftab Ali
Khan, Muhammad Riaz
Alshdaifat, Eman
Fischer, Ulrike
Abdul-Khaliq, Hashim
Meese, Eckart
Abu-Halima, Masood https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9048-4958
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universität des Saarlandes
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Article History
Received: 9 December 2025
Accepted: 22 April 2026
First Online: 28 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Saarland Medical Association, Germany (NF. 51/25, Saarland University) and conducted in accordance with ethical guidelines and the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
