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Authors
Belchior, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7468-4519
Madeira, Luís https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2718-9758
Henriques, Rui https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3993-0171
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (PTDC/CCI-CIF/4613/2020)
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Article History
Received: 5 August 2025
Accepted: 24 April 2026
First Online: 20 May 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical approval: Ethical approval for the study, including access to and processing of the full electronic prescription and dispensation registry in Portugal, was given by the Ethics Committee of the Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa (CAML) with the reference number 340/20, which also covers the waiver of informed consent. The authors further declare full compliance with applicable ethical and regulatory standards, including those principles embodied in the Declaration of Helsinki.
