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Authors
He, Li
Shi, Lijuan
Wei, Jian
Xu, Yiwen
Nie, Minhai
Li, Chunhui
Liu, Xuqian
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
the “RYTIME Foundation” scientific research and cultivation program of The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University (2022RT07)
the “RYTIME Foundation” scientific research and cultivation program of The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University (2022RT07)
the tutor ability enhancement program of The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University (2023DS13)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82401112)
the science and technology innovation talent project of Luzhou City (2023RCX171)
the Sichuan Province medical scientific research project plan (S23043)
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Article History
Received: 25 September 2024
Accepted: 29 April 2026
First Online: 11 May 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The clinical samples were collected in accordance with The Code of Ethics of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki). Clinical specimen collection was performed in compliance with national laws and institutional guidelines, and was approved by the Regional Ethical Committee (The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University Ethics Committee, Luzhou, China, grant number:20220809001). Prior to participation, patients or their guardians provided written informed consent. The privacy rights of patients and their guardians were observed.
: Animal studies were approved by the Animal Welfare and Research Ethics Committee of Southwest Medical University (grant number: 20240122-003), and animal experiments were conducted in accordance with institutional and national regulations. All experiments complied with the China Animal Welfare Legislation, ARRIVE guidelines, the U.K. Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act of 1986 and associated guidelines, EU Directive 2010/63/EU for animal experiments and the National Research Council’s Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.
