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Article History

Received: 18 September 2025

Accepted: 30 April 2026

First Online: 14 May 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: Ethical approval was granted by the King’s College London Research and Ethics Committee (MRA-22/23-36734). This study was carried out, adhering to the Helsinki Declaration. Data collection occurred from January 2024 to November 2024. Two student volunteers from the MSc in Aesthetic Dentistry (AES) program at King’s College London recruited a convenience sample of general dental practitioners. Participation was voluntary and this was explained in the background section of the questionnaire. Participants completed a printed, paper-based validated 14-question questionnaire, returned to the primary recruiter either via electronic scans or in physical format (by post or by hand delivery), with all responses fully anonymized. Consequently, there was no option to withdraw data once submitted. All authors gave their final approval and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work. As outlined in the participant questionnaire (a complete copy is available in the Supplementary Materials), participation in this study was entirely voluntary and submission of a completed questionnaire was stated to imply the attainment of consent for the inclusion of responses in the analysis. Owing to the anonymised nature of data collection, potential participants were advised that it would not be possible to withdraw their responses after questionnaire submission.

: This study did not include the use of any identifying images or other personal or clinical details of participants. Data was collected anonymously.

: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects and/or their legal guardian(s).