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The impact of tooth brushing simulation and staining thermocycling on surface roughness and color stability of CAD/CAM laminate veneers ceramic materials: an in-vitro study

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-52223-1

Published Online: 2026-05-19

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Salem, Rasmia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8547-5862
Ashraf, Reem https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8741-8853
Elbasha, Sara https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0090-3798
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

King Salman International University
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-05-19

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Article History

Received: 19 February 2026

Accepted: 4 May 2026

First Online: 19 May 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The Institutional Review Board Organization IORG0010868 at Ahram Canadian University’s Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine has registered and exempted this study. Research Number: IRB00012891#126.

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