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Authors
Bashir, Muhammad Tariq
Almutairi, Ahmed
Sikandar, Muhammad Ali
Khan, Md. Munir Hayet
Alanazi, Ahmed Othman
Khan, Muhammad Hamza Noor
- License Information
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Article History
Received: 18 January 2026
Accepted: 6 May 2026
First Online: 11 May 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study did not involve experiments on human participants or animals, nor the use of human tissue or personal data. The research is purely technical and focuses on the development and evaluation of computer vision and IoT-based algorithms. Video data were used solely for system testing in a non-interventional and anonymized manner, without any interaction, recruitment, identification, or tracking of individuals. Therefore, ethical approval and informed consent were not required for this study.
