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Authors
Zhang, Yanchao https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6845-9158
Han, Kecheng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7467-4735
Zhang, Yanjun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2044-5720
Xu, Xiangping https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1719-0619
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Article History
Received: 25 September 2025
Accepted: 7 May 2026
First Online: 14 May 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Harbin Fifth Hospital (Approval No. HFH-2019-005). All procedures followed the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. For participants under 18 years old, written assent and parental/guardian consent were obtained.
: All participants consented to the publication of anonymized research data. Identifying information has been removed from the manuscript.
