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Authors
Amin, Shaimaa Mohamed
Abdelaliem, Sally Mohammed Farghaly https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6497-0952
Alabdullah, Amany Anwar Saeed https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8606-909X
Alasqah, Ibrahim
Elfeshawy, Nagwa Ibrahim
Ali, Heba Saied Ibrahim
Khedr, Mahmoud Abdelwahab
El-kholy, Eman Ahmed
Atta, Mohamed Hussein Ramadan
El-Monshed, Ahmed Hashem
El-Ashry, Ayman Mohamed https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7718-4942
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University (PNURSP2026R444)
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Article History
Received: 4 February 2026
Accepted: 11 May 2026
First Online: 25 May 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethical approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Nursing at Tanta University, Egypt (Approval No. 548-10-2024). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment. Participation was voluntary, and all data were collected anonymously/kept confidential. Regarding tools validity, the experts provided informed consent to validate the study.
: Not applicable.
