Alli, Abosede S.
Kyeremateng, Kate A.
Nimo, James
Lange, Carissa L.
Dery, Nancy
Anku, Prince
Adzrakor, Lilly Y.
Kotoka, Geofrey K.
Oppong, Philomena
Agyei-Mensah, Samuel
Oulhote, Youssef
Hughes, Allison F.
Ezzati, Majid
Arku, Raphael E.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Wellcome Trust (209376/Z/17/Z)
National Geographic Society (NGS-64242R-19)
University of Massachusetts Amherst, School of Public Health and Health Sciences (Dean’s Research Enhancement Grant)
Article History
Received: 10 November 2025
Accepted: 18 May 2026
First Online: 4 June 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.