Ouaar, Abbes
Boussehel, Hamida
Djebloun, Youcef
Ghernaout, Djamel
Belaadi, Ahmed
Chettah, Maroua
Mukalazi, Herbert
Article History
Received: 7 March 2026
Accepted: 15 May 2026
First Online: 23 May 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Permission has been obtained to collect date palm leaf fibers, considered waste, from the Biskra region in Algeria. The plant materials have been used in accordance with applicable guidelines and legislation.