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Authors
Bedoya-López, Andrés F.
Orozco, Javier I. J.
Llinàs‑Arias, Pere
Ensenyat-Mendez, Miquel
Valdez, Betsy J.
Iñiguez‑Muñoz, Sandra
Morote-Llabrés, Mar
Matsuba, Chikako
Salomon, Matthew P.
Marzese, Diego M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3258-8852
Goldfarb, Melanie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3929-0354
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Instituto de la Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) AES2022 (PI22/01496)
Sara Borrell project (CD22/00026)
Spanish Association Against Cancer (PRDPM246418BEDO)
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Article History
Received: 15 October 2025
Accepted: 15 May 2026
First Online: 27 May 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All clinical-demographic data and patient-derived samples were collected under research protocols approved by the Institutional Review Board of Providence Health and Services (Protocol #: JWCI-18-0401). The experiments were performed following the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki and the National Institutes of Health Belmont Report. Tissues were de-identified following the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) regulations. Validation data for this cross-sectional study were gathered from the publicly available dataset, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). This study followed the Strengthening of the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) reporting guidelines.
