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Authors
Yan, Mingxing
Hu, Liping
Gao, Chen
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Innovation Platform Project of Science and Technology,Fujian province (2021Y2012)
Joint Funds for the innovation of science and Technology, Fujian province (2024Y9580)
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Article History
Received: 8 April 2025
Accepted: 25 May 2026
First Online: 7 September 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical approval: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Fujian Maternal and Child Health Hospital (approval number: 2023KY016). Because this was a retrospective study using anonymized clinical data, the Ethics Review Committee waived the requirement for obtaining additional study-specific written informed consent.
Consent to participate: All women provided written informed consent for the clinical induction of labor before the procedure. In addition, at admission and/or before labor induction, the included women had provided consent for their anonymized clinical data to be used for retrospective research purposes. Therefore, no additional study-specific written informed consent was required for this retrospective analysis, as approved by the Ethics Review Committee.
