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Authors
Yang, Guo-Ping
Yang, Ke-Xin
Chai, Hua-Mei
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Article History
Received: 25 January 2026
Accepted: 25 May 2026
First Online: 3 June 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The data used in this study is from the video content publicly released by the Douyin platform. These videos are publicly accessible and did not involve any personal privacy information during the data collection process. According to relevant ethical review guidelines, this study does not require ethical approval.
