Gaeini, Zahra
Mirmiran, Parvin
Azizi, Fereidoun
Article History
Received: 3 February 2026
Accepted: 27 May 2026
First Online: 9 June 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical approval: Ethical approval for this study was conducted by the ethics research council of the Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants were informed about the purpose of the study, assured of confidentiality, and provided written consent prior to participation. Participation was voluntary, and respondents could withdraw at any time without consequence.