Derib, Fisiha
Yasine, Toyeb
Geto, Abebe Kassa
Adem, Yonas Fissha
Yemane, Tesfalem Tilahun
Tadesse, Nigusie
Article History
Received: 4 November 2025
Accepted: 2 June 2026
First Online: 15 June 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Ethical Review Committee of Wollo University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences. Formal permission letters were issued by the School of Public Health and submitted to the respective hospitals, and authorisation to conduct the study was obtained from all participating primary hospitals. Before data collection, the aims and objectives of the study were clearly explained to all participants, and verbal informed consent was obtained from study participants. Participants were informed that their involvement was entirely voluntary and that they had the right to withdraw from the study at any time without any consequences. All study procedures were conducted in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations.