Document is current

Article History

Received: 28 December 2025

Accepted: 15 June 2026

First Online: 20 June 2026

Declarations

:

: SDB, QF and PBS are co-inventors of a US provisional patent application (#63/089584) filed by London Health Sciences Centre Research Inc. on annexin A5 compositions and methods. The remaining authors have disclosed that they do not have any potential conflicts of interest.

: COVID-19 patient serum use was approved by Western University REB. Western University REB operates in compliance with, and is constituted in accordance with, the requirements of the Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans (TCPS 2); the International Conference on Harmonisation Good Clinical Practice Consolidated Guideline (ICH GCP); Part C, Division 5 of the Food and Drug Regulations; Part 4 of the Natural Health Products Regulations; Part 3 of the Medical Devices Regulations and the provisions of the Ontario Personal Health Information Protection Act (PHIPA 2004) and its applicable regulations. The REB is registered with the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services under the IRB registration number IRB 00000940. Project ID: 115793, Study Title: In-vitro Analyses of the 2019 novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 circulating in London, Ontario for the betterment of drug and vaccine development and to understand CoV-2 pathogenesis Application Type: Continuing Ethics Review (CER) Form. The research has been carried out in accordance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki, and all subjects have provided written informed consent.