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Authors
Torres Borda, Laura https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4263-261X
Auer, Ulrike https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0390-2678
Kelemen, Zsofia
Cockburn, Marianne https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3193-0641
Jenner, Florien https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6977-1984
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Sandgrueb-Stiftung and Gut Aiderbichl
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Article History
Received: 8 December 2025
Accepted: 19 June 2026
First Online: 2 July 2026
Declarations
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: The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.
: This study was non-invasive and entailed only monitoring the horses under their current conditions of life. No specific veterinary treatments or interventions were carried out for the purpose of this study. The Institutional Ethics Committee of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna waived ethical approval for the study (ETK-152/09/2019) in accordance with the “Good Scientific Practice. Ethics in Science and Research” guidelines implemented at the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna and national legislation. The animal experiment for group B was additionally approved by the Swiss Cantonal authorities under license number 36917. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. The experiments are reported in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines.
