Jara, Abdisa Gemedi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6027-7253
Mekonen, Banchamlak Teferi
Tefera, Aschalew Mulatu
Kemal, Leila Kenzu
Tamene, Fasil Bayafers
Mekuria, Blen Hamus
Ayalew, Mezgebu Sewnet
Amare, Dagim Zelalem
Yalew, Ermias Solomon
Sema, Faisel Dula
Taye, Wagaye Atalay
Article History
Received: 26 December 2025
Accepted: 30 June 2026
First Online: 13 July 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval Ethical clearance was obtained from the Research and Ethical Review Committee of the University of Gondar, School of Pharmacy, on September 27, 2024, with the reference number SOP/127/UGR/2024. This study was conducted according to the Helsinki Declaration. The purpose of the study was explained to the study participants, and written informed consent was obtained. By excluding participants’ names and other identifiers, confidentiality is anonymized before analysis, and a unique code is assigned to participants.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.