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Authors
Karanci, Yusuf https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0230-2187
Ciyiltepe, Fulya https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0959-5202
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Article History
Received: 5 February 2026
Accepted: 3 July 2026
First Online: 5 August 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study used de-identified MIMIC-IV data. Database access was granted after Y.K. completed the CITI Program training and signed the PhysioNet Data Use Agreement. Ethical approval was obtained from the Scientific Research Ethics Committee of Antalya Training and Research Hospital (approval no. 3/28, dated 5 February 2026), which waived the requirement for informed consent because the data were fully de-identified. All methods were carried out in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations, including the Declaration of Helsinki.
