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Authors
O’Brien, Aileen
Sheba, Baba
Simnett, Rachel
Smith, Jared G.
Mantovani, Nadia
White, Sarah
Riches, Simon
Bell, Darren
Abbott, Michael
Collisson, Alexandra
Edginton, Trudi
Gillies, Marco
Pan, Xueni
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Innovate UK
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Article History
Received: 11 November 2025
Accepted: 7 July 2026
First Online: 7 August 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: Rachel Simnett was paid by Phase Space funded by an Innovate UK grant. Aileen O’Brien is an unpaid advisor for Phase Space. Other remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Ethics statement: The authors assert that all procedures contributing to this work comply with the ethical standards of the relevant national and institutional committees on human experimentation and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2013. All procedures involving human subjects/patients were approved by the St George’s University of London Ethics Committee ref 2023.0136.
Transparency declaration: The manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the study as planned (and, if relevant, registered) have been explained.
