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Authors
Liu, Pingfan
Peng, Haioou
Li, Geng
Zhao, Binbin
Pang, Wenju
Tang, Xiwen
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
2022 Academic Literacy Innovation Base Project for Doctoral Students in Physical Education, Jishou University–Formation and Competitiveness Evaluation of Chinese Ice and Snow Tourism Industry Clusters (TYBJD202206)
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Article History
Received: 22 November 2025
Accepted: 7 July 2026
First Online: 13 July 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Ethics approval: The study was approved by the Biomedicine Ethics Committee of Jishou University (2025107).
Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from the participants before the start of the program. We confirm that all the experiment is in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations such as the declaration of Helsinki.
Consent to participate: Informed consent was obtained from the participants and their guardians before the start of the program.
