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Article History

Received: 10 February 2026

Accepted: 9 July 2026

First Online: 24 July 2026

Declarations

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethics approval and consent to participate: All experimental procedures conducted in this study complied with relevant institutional, national, and international guidelines and regulations.

Declaration of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process: During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used ChatGPT-4 to enhance language quality and clarity. Following the use of this tool, the authors critically reviewed, revised, and edited the manuscript and take full responsibility for the integrity and accuracy of the content.