Khan, Muhammad Fayaz
Phelan, Jody
Anwar, Anwar Sheed
Khan, Sadiq Noor
Ali, Amjad
Awan, Faryal Mehwish
Obaid, Ayesha
Ahmad, Dawood
Saleem, Afshan
Campino, Susana
Clark, Taane G. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8985-9265
Jabbar, Abdul
Funding for this research was provided by:
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/Y018842/1)
Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/Y018842/1)
Medical Research Council (MR/M01360X/1, MR/N010469/1, MR/R025576/1, MR/R020973/1, and MR/X005895/1)
Medical Research Council (MR/M01360X/1, MR/N010469/1, MR/R025576/1, MR/R020973/1, and MR/X005895/1)
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
Article History
Received: 9 November 2025
Accepted: 13 July 2026
First Online: 22 July 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.