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Authors
Rasi, Shoeib
Gozali, Elahe
Jebraeily, Mohamad
Shokoofi, Shahrzad
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
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Article History
Received: 30 August 2025
Accepted: 17 July 2026
First Online: 20 July 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethics approval and consent to participate: In this study, all apps were downloaded directly from the “Myket,” “Bazaar,” and “Google Play store.” and no apps were downloaded illegally. This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Urmia University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.UMSU.REC.1402.362). We confirm that all methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. We did not include individuals as study participants, so there was no requirement for informed consent.
