Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
DeChristopher, Luanne Robalo
Tucker, Katherine L.
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 4 February 2026
Accepted: 20 July 2026
First Online: 11 August 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The ECLS-B Study was approved and sponsored by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) within the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) of the U.S. Department of Education. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Massachusetts Lowell.
Informed consent: All methods and reporting used in this analysis are in compliance with the guidelines and regulations as set forth by the NCES for restricted use data. Signed informed consent was obtained from the parents/legal guardians before the parent/legal guardian interviews began.
