Xu, Rongbin
You, Jie
Zhang, Xinqian
Zheng, Yuping
Qiu, Qi
Fang, Xiexi
Liu, Li
Article History
Received: 8 April 2026
Accepted: 24 July 2026
First Online: 30 July 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical approval: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Linyi people’s Hospital, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Taizhou Central Hospital, Ningbo No.2 Hospital and all procedures were performed in accordance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
Consent to participate: The requirement for written informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of Linyi Cancer Hospital due to the retrospective nature of the study.
Consent to publish: Not applicable as no identifiable personal data or images of participants are present within the manuscript.