Aqueeb, Ahsan
Ravaee, Hamid
Manshaei, Mohammad Hossein
Krunz, Marwan
Ding, Jiacheng
Morris, Julia
Cusanovich, Darren A.
Thorne, Curtis
Funding for this research was provided by:
The University of Arizona
Article History
Received: 23 March 2026
Accepted: 24 July 2026
First Online: 15 August 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical declaration: All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. Primary human colonic organoids used in this study were obtained through the Tissue Acquisition and Cellular/Molecular Analysis Shared Resource (TACMASR) at the University of Arizona Cancer Center under Institutional Review Board (IRB)-approved protocols (IRB 1909985869). Biospecimens were derived from patients undergoing surgical resection at Banner University Medical Center. All samples were de-identified prior to distribution, and no identifiable personal information was accessible to the investigators. Informed consent was obtained from all participants or their legal guardians.