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Article History

Received: 21 March 2026

Accepted: 27 July 2026

First Online: 6 August 2026

Declarations

Ethical Compliance: This study adhered to the guidelines outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki, and the protocol received approval from the Ethical Review Committee of Peking University (approval number: IRB 00001052-11,015). Each participant provided written informed consent before participating in the study.

Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agencies or participating institutions.

Conflict of interest: The authors declare no competing financial or non-financial interests.