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Authors
Rababa, Majdi
Al-Za’areer, Majed S.
Elshatarat, Rami A.
Hamithi, Manal Ali
Shahin, Mahmoud Abdel Hameed
Almagharbeh, Wesam T.
Al Niarat, Tahany Fareed
Saleh, Zyad T.
Bacha, Irfan Ali
Al-Sayaghi, Khaled M.
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Article History
Received: 13 December 2025
Accepted: 30 July 2026
First Online: 7 August 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of Vision Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia (IRB No. 2024–2025/104). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Participation was voluntary, and electronic informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to survey access. No identifying information was collected, and all data were kept confidential and stored securely for research purposes only.
