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Authors
Ibounig, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9658-8571
Rämö, Lasse https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4154-8462
Toivonen, Sanni
Lähdeoja, Tuomas
Hällfors, Eerik
Raatikainen, Saara
Sallmén, Karin
Elamo, Sami
Launonen, Antti P.
Toivonen, Pirjo
Paloneva, Juha
Nyrhinen, Kirsi
Kavaja, Lauri
Salmela, Mikko
Järvinen, Teppo L. N. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3713-956X
Taimela, Simo https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6755-2983
Björkenheim, Robert
Repo, Jussi P.
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Clinical Trials BETA
Clinical trials referenced in this document:
nct05598541 at ClinicalTrials.govDocuments that mention this clinical trial
Translation, cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index into Finnish
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-68037-0
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Article History
Received: 21 April 2026
Accepted: 19 August 2026
First Online: 27 August 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical approval: The study was approved by the Ethical Review Board of the Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District (HUS/715/2021), conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrolment.
