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Authors
Nehra, Chitra
Bhure, Minal
Shah, Tejas
Pandit, Ramesh
Patil, Niteen V.
Patel, Ashutosh K.
Kachhawaha, Subhash
Kumawat, Ram N.
Joshi, Madhvi
Joshi, Chaitanya G.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India (BT/AQ/1/SP41105/2020)
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Article History
Received: 9 February 2026
Accepted: 24 August 2026
First Online: 19 September 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethics approval: All experimental protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research–Central Arid Zone Research Institute (ICAR–CAZRI), Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India (Approval No. CAZRI/2022/IAEC/01).
AI disclosure: During the preparation of this manuscript, the authors used ChatGPT (GPT-5.6, OpenAI) to improve the language and clarity of the manuscript wherever required. ChatGPT was also used to assist with the implementation and interpretation of the linear mixed-effects model used to analyse the longitudinal milk-yield data. All AI-generated assisted outputs were reviewed and verified by the authors, who take full responsibility for the content of the published article.
