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Authors
Yang, Jingjie https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8905-1758
Jing, Jing https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3758-1315
Tong, Xuesha https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8342-5415
Ma, Songyang https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0408-241X
Qiu, Ye https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6079-3630
Liu, Yang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9846-7359
Wang, Yunji https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5400-2323
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82571133)
Chongqing Municipal Science and Technology Bureau (CSTB2025NSCQ-GPX1172)
Science-Health Joint Medical Scientific Research Project of Chongqing (2021MSXM114)
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Article History
Received: 14 March 2026
Accepted: 24 August 2026
First Online: 1 October 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical statement: All studies were approved by the Ethics Committee of the College of Stomatology at Chongqing Medical University (approval No. CQHS-REC-2025 LSNo.078). All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations and in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines.
