Tekletsadik, Esayas Alemshet
Bazezew, Astewil Moges https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6472-6378
Getahun, Yalemwork
Ayele, Desalegn Getachew
Melak, Tsehayu
Tsega, Sintayehu Simie
Dessie, Melkamu Tilahun
Getahun, Ashenafi Fekad
Woretaw, Ashenafi Worku
Article History
Received: 16 November 2025
Accepted: 26 August 2026
First Online: 10 September 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
<b>Ethical approval and consent to participate</b>: All experimental protocols were approved by the school of nursing, on behalf of University of Gondar’s ethical review board with a reference number PGC:194/9/2015 on May/162023, and permission to undergo this study was obtained from the town administration. Eligible participants were informed about the purpose, procedures, potential benefits, and possible risks of the study, as well as their right to decline participation or withdraw at any time without any consequences. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants before enrolment. Face-to-face interviews were conducted in participants’ homes at a time convenient for them while ensuring privacy and confidentiality. It was made clear that the identity of the patient would not be exposed in any way, and the confidentiality of patient records was respected. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.