Liao, Liyi
Zeng, Cheng
Tang, Peiqi
Li, Xuping
Chen, Pengfei
Hu, Xinqun https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1430-4833
Article History
Received: 26 June 2026
Accepted: 3 September 2026
First Online: 19 September 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethics: Use of MIMIC-IV was approved under the database’s data use agreement; the requirement for individual informed consent was waived because the data are de-identified. All methods were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.