Zhou, Yan
Li, Rui
Zhao, Hongwei
Zhao, Chun
Zhang, Peng
Chen, Lin
Wu, Qiong
Lin, Yanluan
Fu, Yunfei
Wang, Yu
Zhou, Renjun
Zhong, Lei
Xu, Xuanye
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFF0809401)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42330602)
Innovation Center for Fengyun Meteorological Satellite Special Project (FY-APP-ZX-2022.0211)
Article History
Received: 20 September 2025
Accepted: 20 February 2026
First Online: 4 March 2026
Competing interests
: Chun Zhao is an Associate Editor of npj Climate and Atmospheric Science and was not involved in the journal’s review of, or decisions related to, this manuscript.