Liu, Wenyu
Hong, Chaopeng
Cui, Mengshi
Xu, Mengyao
He, Kebin
Zhang, Qiang
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFC3712900)
Hainan Institute of National Park grant (KY-23ZK01)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42130708)
Article History
Received: 21 January 2026
Accepted: 16 April 2026
First Online: 18 May 2026
Competing interests
: K.H and Q.Z. are Editorial Board Members and Editor-in-Chief of npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. K.H. and Q.Z. were not involved in the journal’s review of, or decision related to, this manuscript.