Li, Xiaoying
Jin, Huijun
Yang, Sizhong
Wang, Dong
Gao, Hongkai
Liu, Shiwei
Chen, Deliang
Iwahana, Go
Nie, Yong
Robertson, David
Jin, Xiaoying
Wu, Tonghua
Wang, Hongwei
Romanovsky, Vladimir E.
Burn, Christopher R.
Wang, Xiaoming
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42471166, 32241032)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42271130)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (42271155, 32361133551)
Carbon Neutrality and Energy System Transformation (CNEST) Program
Tsinghua University (100008001)
NASA ABoVE (NNX17AC57A)
U.S. National Science Foundation award (1832238)
U.S. Department of Energy Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment Arctic
Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program (2019QZKK0208)
Article History
Received: 22 May 2026
Accepted: 29 May 2026
First Online: 6 June 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.