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Authors
Zhang, Yiqun
Chen, Fengju
Creighton, Chad J.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institutes of Health (CA125123)
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Article History
Received: 6 March 2025
Accepted: 24 June 2025
First Online: 5 July 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Tumor molecular profiling data were generated through informed consent as part of the TCGA consortium efforts and analyzed here per TCGA’s data use guidelines and restrictions. The TCGA network collected tumors from 161 tissue source sites (TSSs) across the world, acquiring tumors from 11,160 patients of 32 different cancer types; these tumors were originally diagnosed from 1978 to 2013, with the median diagnosis year of 200912. At each TSS, the approving ethics committee(s) and institutional review board(s) corresponding to the TSS institution ensured that appropriate informed consent to participate in TCGA projects was obtained from participants for whom the TSS obtained tumor biopsies. Our present study utilized public TCGA data, and no additional informed consent or institutional board approval was required. The research was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Our present study should not be considered a multi-center study, as no new patient data were generated here, and only public data were utilized.
